DOCUMENTAZIONE – Report di BBC Monitoring sui 14 principi dello “Xi Jinping Thought”, ricostruiti attraverso citazioni dirette del leader cinese

BBC MONITORING

Report, 24 Oct 2017

A new doctrine bearing Chinese leader Xi Jinping’s name and representing his political views has been written into the ruling Communist Party’s constitution at a key political gathering in Beijing which ended on 24 October.

“Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era” comprises 14 principles, as presented by Xi in his political report at the start of the party’s 19th National Congress on 18 October, although at that point he did not mention his name alongside the doctrine.

Xi made numerous points in his nearly three-and-a-half-hour speech, including plans to develop China into a world player, achieve economic prosperity, strengthen the military and preserve the environment.

However, he specifically used the third section of his report to list out the distinct ideological principles underpinning all his plans.

Here is a snapshot of the 14 principles of Xi Jinping Thought in quotes from his speech, as monitored live from state TV.

Party supreme

“It is necessary to adhere to the leadership of the party over all work. Among the party, the government, the military, the people, the academia and all circles, the party leads all.”

People-centric approach

“The people are the creators of history as well as the fundamental forces that determine the future and destiny of the party and the country. We must adhere to the principal position of the people, adhere to building a party that serves the interests of the public and to governing the country for the people.”

Deepening reform

“It is necessary to adhere to the comprehensive deepening of reforms. Only socialism can save China, and only reform and opening-up can develop China, so develop socialism, and develop Marxism.”

New development ideas

“It is necessary to adhere to new development concepts. Development is the foundation for and the key to resolving all the problems of our country. Development must be scientific development, and we must persist in unswervingly carrying out the concepts of innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development.”

Representative institutions

“To insist on the organic combination of the party’s leadership, the people as the masters of the country, and governing the country by law is an inevitable requirement for the political development of socialism. We must adhere to the political development path of socialism with Chinese characteristics; uphold and perfect the people’s congress system, the Communist Party-led multi-party cooperation and political consultation system, the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and the grassroots mass self-government system.”

Rule of law

“The principle of comprehensively governing the nation according to law is the essence and important guarantee of socialism with Chinese characteristics… Great efforts must be made to deepen the reform of the judicial system and enhance the quality of rule of law and the quality of morality of the whole nation.”

Socialist values

“Confidence in our culture is a basic, profound and lasting force for the development of a country and a nation. It is necessary to adhere to Marxism and firmly foster the great ideal of communism and the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics. We must cultivate and practise socialist core values and continue to strengthen the initiative and the right of speech in the ideological field.”

Social welfare

“Improving people’s livelihood and well-being is the primary goal of development… We must build a safe China, strengthen and innovate social governance, maintain social harmony and stability, ensure long-term peace, order, and stability in the country, and ensure that people are content with their lives and jobs.”

Coexistence with nature

“We must establish and practise the philosophy that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, uphold the basic national policy for energy conservation and environmental protection, treat the ecological environment as we treat life, coordinate the systematic management of mountains, waters, forests, fields, lakes, and prairies… build a beautiful China, create a good production and living environment for the people, and contribute to global ecological safety.”

Stronger national security

“It is necessary to adhere to a comprehensive national security concept. Coordinating development and security, strengthening our adversity awareness, and preparing for danger in times of peace are major principles held by the party when administering state affairs.”

Party’s authority over army

“It is necessary to adhere to the party’s absolute leadership over the people’s armed forces… We must adhere to building the armed forces through political work, strengthening them through reform, reviving them through science and technology, and managing them in accordance with the law.”

Reaffirming national unity

On Hong Kong and Macau: “It is necessary to adhere to the ‘one country, two systems’ principle and push forward the reunification of the motherland. Maintaining the long-term prosperity and stability of Hong Kong and Macau, and realising complete national reunification is an inevitable requirement for realising the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.”

On Taiwan: “We must adhere to the One China principle and the 1992 consensus, push forward the peaceful development in the cross-Strait relations, deepen cross-Strait economic cooperation and cultural exchanges, push forward the compatriots on both sides of the strait jointly opposing all separatist activities, and jointly strive to realise the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.”

Under the “one country, two systems” principle, China allows Hong Kong and Macau a high degree of autonomy and to preserve their economic and social systems. The “1992 consensus” refers to Taiwan and the mainland agreeing on the existence of “One China” but they have their own interpretations of what it means.

Taiwan is an island which lies across a narrow strait from the Chinese mainland, and has for all practical purposes been independent since 1950. But China regards it as a rebel region that must be reunited with the mainland under the “One China” principle.

Common human destiny

“The dream of the Chinese people is closely connected with the dreams of other peoples of the world. Realising the Chinese dream is inseparable from a peaceful international environment and a stable international order. [We must] always be the builder of world peace, the contributor to global development and the defender of the international order.”

Party discipline

“[We must] strengthen inner party supervision, develop positive and healthy inner party political culture, comprehensively purify the political ecology within the party, resolutely correct all kinds of unhealthy tendencies, crack down on corruption with a zero-tolerance attitude… and always maintain the party’s flesh-and-blood ties with the masses of the people.”

Source: China Central TV-1, Beijing, in Mandarin Chinese 18 Oct 17